DEVELOPMENT
AND REALIZATION OF GEOINFORMATIONAL SMALL SCALE MAPPING
A.G. Ivanov, S.A. Krylov
The
Moscow State University of the Geodesy and Cartography, Faculty of Cartography,
Moscow, Russia
cartography@miigaik.ru
The solution of a small-scale
mapping automation problem on the basis of creation, transformation and usage
of unified multifunctional system of a cartographical database is offered.
At the phase of a cartographical
database creation:
the initial cartographical and reference-statistical materials are analyzed and
determined; the initial contents of the cartographical database in a volume of
the cartographical basis of a geographical map in the scale of 1:2 500 000 is
proved; the structure of the digital cartographical information and its
creation by a territorial principle is determined; analytical-synthetic
processing of the cartographical information, including classification and coding
is realized; presentation formats and processing of the digital cartographical
information are developed; the selection of the cartographical database program-technical
implementation is proved; the procedure of the cartographical database creation
with simultaneous building the digital cartographical bases in the scale of 1:2
500 000 for administrative areas of the Russian Federation is developed.
Already at the phase of the
cartographical database creation is considered not as "storehouse" of
the digital cartographical information files, and as the complex program-technical
system- realizing automation of the technological and informational processes.
At a phase of the cartographic
database contents transformation by means of the automated
cartographical generalization: usage of the empirical-mathematical
way for the solution of
cartographical problems is proved. It is based on analysis of traditional maps
and detection of legitimacies and contents characteristics, development of the approximating
transformation mathematical method, on development of algorithms and programs
for the problem solution. On the basis of this way the procedure of the cartographical
objects automated selection with usage of data on their density and-or graphics
load is developed. The factors influencing selection of objects are revealed
and realized. The mathematical method and the program of generalization
quantitative aspect implementation are developed as result. The qualitative
part of selection bound to the solution of mathematical problems is executed by
means of dialogue "cartographer-computer". Besides the solution of
the cartographical database transformation problem the current development
provides co-ordination and eligibility of the contents at transition from scale
to scale with use of standardization and unification of the initial and derivative
digital cartographic bases.
At the operational phase of the
cartographical database for automation of thematic mapping technological processes and
development of GIS-projects the base and derivative cartographical bases are developed. Besides it,
algorithms of the other problems solution of extremely necessary for mapping of
the thematic information worked out:
· Definition of mapping scale
depending on density and-or graphics load of the contents;
· A selection of a cartographical projection by
means of the interactive "hint" realizing logical links between the
object of mapping, a projection and distortions;
· Construction of the mockup of layout on the
basis of the cartographical database and the mathematical method for selection
of cartographical objects;
· A selection of the thematic information way
graphics mapping method by means of the interactive "hint" realizing
links between a state and accommodation of the phenomenon and graphics means.
Implementation of a method includes calculation of form parameters, designing
and its accommodation on a map.
Development of the cartographical
automated system from technological and informational ones and their joint
integration in bank of cartographical data on the basis of a unified
multifunctional cartographical database are considered stage-by-stage.