VALUE OF HERITAGE MAPS IN THE STUDY AND PRESERVATION OF NATURAL AND HISTORICAL-CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT

Ju.A. Vedenin, V.K. Bronnikova, A.I. Elchaninov

D.S. Likhachev Institute for Cultural and Natural Heritage

heritage@mtu-net.ru

 

The outlined tendency to use  economic and legal methods of a society mutual relations regulation and the nature, the person and the socio-cultural environment of its dwelling dictates necessity of mapping system for products of different type, purpose and the territorial scope, devoted to the problem of  heritage. Heritage maps are  the basis for revealing, studying, restoration, preservation and use of  cultural and natural heritage objects.

Value of   heritage maps increases and  becomes actual in connection with destruction of historical-cultural and natural environment (its destruction and re-profiling  objects of industrial, cultural and other purpose, ploughing up lands, cottage  and road construction, etc.), exceeding  of allowable loading on the  territory, etc.

These maps are collection of the existential information on archeologic, architectural, historical monuments and memorials of monumental art, and also natural, cultural and cultural heritages-natural objects in the form of certain symbols. Special map content consists of three sections:  natural heritage, cultural heritage, and cultural-natural  heritage.

The presented systematization  of heritage objects  is reflected in heritage map legends, completed already for various territories (Novaya Zemlia, Vaigach, cities like Moscow and Ufa, the Yaroslavl region, Shatura district, Bashkortostan republic) and maps of the National atlas of Russia (volume 4 " History. Culture "), that are in process now.

These maps  open new prospects in studying and preservation of region nature, history and culture as well as separate areas. For example, in Shatura district, before publishing of the map “Shatura District of the Moscow Region. Cultural and Natural Heritage”, only archaeological monuments were preserved on federal and regional levels. After map publication  churches in Vlasov, Tugoles, Serednikovo were  also covered by regional preservation. Putting of the historical glass production in Misheronski settlement and its surroundings is being reviewed now.

  Heritage maps  for the first time  present huge fact sheet on  natural and  cultural heritage of Russia certain regions. An important point in the innovative policy of of  national heritage preservation is  application of new technologies regarding computer process of map compiling with a view of convenience of their operative use.

 They are intended for  control system in the field of culture management, for workers of design and restoration organizations, they will help to settle problems to preserve  unique heritage of  certain district and the territory original image, when working out  programs of preservation and development  of historical cultural and natural  environment, helping participation of self-government institutions and population in settling   territorial problems.They will serve for teaching and educational purposes in various educational institutions, especially nowadays, when there are processes of destruction of historical cultural and natural environment everywhere and the questions of land sale are discussed.

These maps are necessary when estimation of land cost and developments of sale conditions, as well as measures, directed towards  strengthening of  positive and mitigation of negative consequences for territories.