COMPLEX SPACE TOPOGRAPHIC MONITORING In SOLVING SPATIAL INFORMATION ACTUALIZATION

 V.P.Sedelnikov

FGUP "State Center “Nature"

priroda@dol.ru

 

Formation of uniform state information policy in sphere of spatial information actualization for the decision of a wide spectrum of the Russian Federation social and economic subject problems is one of the basic problems of spatial data infrastructure creation (SDI).

SDI being a basis of a national information database, acts as the government machinery of information resources and innovative management of territories integration.

Necessity of spatial information system perfection on a modern condition and changes of district actualization objects is caused by a number of factors, basic of which is the requirement of conformity to a modern level  development of a cartographic science and manufacture for operative cartographical provision system by the actual, authentic and exact spatial information of various level state power bodies, the branch ministries and departments.

Strategic problem of a state policy in the field of geodesy and cartography is creation of complex space topographical monitoring (SÒÌ) systems which will provide the constant, regulated cartographical tracking of terrain object changes on the basis of Earth remote sensing methods, the digital topographical information with use of reference and archive data.

In modern conditions of economic development growth and intensive industrial and agricultural development of the Russian Federation subject territories, elaboration of methodology for creation system of complex space topographical monitoring which will allow providing actualization of the spatial information, is one of the most urgent problems of cartographic branch.

System engineering of STM complex, being a component of spatial data infrastructure, means:

The regular, regulated tracking the changes of natural and anthropogenous objects of digital topographical map contents elements and mapping of the fixed changes in the time close to real mode;

Formation of the digital cartographic data banks containing the information on spatiotemporal changes of terrain objects;

Provision users in real time with actual, complex, spatially adhered information created on SÒÌ data with a view of studying, analysing, estimating and forecasting of the Earth depths, land, water, vegetative resources conditions and development of actions on prevention negative influence on an environment.

The primary goals of topographical monitoring with use of the Earth remote sensing materials are:

- Operative updating a topographical situation in territory of intensive industrial expansion, development of minerals, constructions of transport systems, operation of territorial-production complexes, etc.;

- Reductions of the actual topographic information delivery time to users;

- Use of STM data for operative updating and creation of specialized topographical and thematic maps.

- Formation and conducting the federal, regional and territorial databanks containing the information on spatiotemporal dynamics of natural and anthropogenous objects on the basis of integration and maximal use of the digital cartographical information materials and RS data funds.

The organization of complex space topographical monitoring system provides first of all the development of the scientifically-methodical, technological, normative-legal and normative-technical base, allowing STM creation and conducting to carry out on uniform scientific principles, using the unified techniques of the space information processing, technology of the actual topographic map compilation and methods of digital cartographical data bank formation about changes of objects.

Intensive development of orbital means of the Earth remote sensing, working in visible, IR and radio ranges of electromagnetic spectrum fluctuations and providing  reception of the information with the high and ultrahigh resolution is technically the problem of creation and conducting complex space topographical monitoring, that is quite realizable and can be organized at a national level of the country owning modern space technologies, and at the international level.