MAPS OF HERITAGE

AND PROBLEMS OF VISUALIZATION IN GIS

A. Suvorov, A. Elchaninov

Institute of a Нeritage Geoinformation Systems

aelchaninov@mail.ru

Plurality of ways of visualization and a problem of a choice, including cartographic projections are discussed. One of major tasks GIS is a complex research on a problem and development of variants of decision acceptance. The following ways of information representation and their updating are used in GIS: cartographical image (CI) with a legend of a map or without it; the table of database (DB); diagram (DI); text (TX). Their various combinations allow differently to solve tasks of visualization that can influence on decision making.

The results of analysis have allowed to draw a conclusion, that not enough attention in GIS is given to visualization of the spatial data, and visualization of inquiries of the verbal information from a database, and also visualization of combinations of verbal and spatial inquiries on the basis of which maps of inquiries are formed. Such maps can be much indefinite.

A problem on discrepancy of graphic images registration of thematic map to the displayed contents in GIS has been analized. The most widespread ways of the GIS creation cartographic image are linear symbols, point symbols, cartograms, diagrams, points, a qualitative background. Quite often cartograms are used for display of absolute parameters, diagrams for relative, color and shading are applied to display absolute sizes and values which are erroneous constructions of the cartographical image. Such representations using on the maps as a quantitative background, horizontals, marks of movement are rather problematic. Specification and development of new ways for the cartographic image in GIS are necessary.

A problem of GIS function optimization is discussed. Expansion of GIS opportunities determines growth of modules number. Now GIS becomes «omnivorous», that has negatively an effect for a number of carried out works, for a example in the field of preparation for printing paper copies, interrelations of diagrams and the cartographic image.

A problem of new cartographic image creation and receptions of new results and the current tasks. In a basis of majority GIS digital cartographical images are used. The form of the cartographical image is rather conservative. With GIS the form of the cartographic image can be exposed to various changes and transformations.

A problem on application GIS specification. It is revealed, that major function GIS is a visualization of the spatial tasks decision and modelling of ways of their decisions, supervision over process of decision making. Mental maps as circuits of acceptance of decisions, can become effective means for methodology development of a decision substantiation.