PROPOSAL FOR A TOURIST WEB-MAP OF THE SOUTH AREA OF RIO: CARTOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION AND THE ACT OF REPRESENTING THE LANDSCAPE IN DIFFERENT SCALES AND LEVELS OF ABSTRACTION
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Salomão Graça, A.J.; 2Fiori, S.R.
1UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO Email: alanjsg@gmail.com
2UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL RURAL DO RIO DE JANEIRO Email: srfiori@gmail.com
Abstract
In the last decade, the increasing dissemination of new geotechnology and free geo services on the Web has provided a considerable increase in the number of users who access and use cartographic products in everyday life, which are divided into a wide variety of analogue maps (just scanned and posted on the Web), satellite images, maps of routes in static and dynamic zoom, emotion maps, among others. In the Brazilian tourism sector, the traditional maps are presented in printed form and can be analyzed by means of production and distribution costs. The production cost is divided into stages ranging from the search for base maps, collections of information, softwares used; later study and design of graphical representations (conventional and/or pictorial); until printing-related procedures, namely the choice of the size and paper density of the sheet, etc. While the cost of distribution is concerned with the amount (limited) of maps reproduced and offered to the tourist trade and / or directly to the tourist. It is important to note, that in the country the most part of tourist maps offered to guidance and feature to trade show low cartographic quality, due to the misuse of the essential elements of the map and the distortion of the base. In addition, there is a discontinuous offering of maps by tourist destinations. On the other hand, the creation of a Web-tourist map brings the opportunity to develop more complex cartographic products (set of maps with multiple scales and levels of abstraction of reality), with the largest number of information and various personalized possibilities of maps printing. This is because, the tourist maps should facilitate the reading to users (potentially lay on cartographic semantics), still looking for stimulating curiosity regarding to the destination represented. In other words, the product is a "unique" map (main), which relies on a simultaneous deployment of other thematic maps. This is possible due to the set of scales (static zoom, pan), forms (conventional, pictorial, semipictorial, highly illustrated) and themes (attraction, services, infrastructure), which can be graphically recombined, reassembled, reworked. In addition, there is also the feature of the animation of the symbols by different types of movements, changes of colour and size, sound, insertion of text boxes, pictures, short films and links to other sites. The junction of these features provides the map-web as an important communication feature for the tours and/or travels, configuring itself even as an important feature to tourism marketing. The theoretical-conceptual product discussion addresses issues related to cartographic communication, the graphic semiology and the transformation of the landscape in the process of mapping related to the practice of tourism. Cartographic communication models are exploited in both its static aspect, as dynamic, and, in both cases, considering the principle of noise in the process of generation of cartographic information. In this context, aims to become the cartographic information - projective, geometric, cognitive - simpler and most intelligible to tourists and industry managers. The methodology used is based on the construction of qualitative thematic representations, with cognitive transformations of generalization and symbolization (in vertical and oblique vision) applied on a cartographic base (at multiple scales) pre-set by the manufacturer. The theoretical discussions make up a good part of that proposal, enabling the initial development of a cartographic product adapted to the Web environment.
Keywords
Touristic Cartography; Cognitive Changes; Development of cartographic