HISTORICAL ATLAS OF LVIV: IMPLEMENTATION MEANS OF THE EUROPEAN MAPPING PROJECT IN UKRAINE
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Sossa, R.; 2Kapral, M.; 3Rovenchak, I.
1STATE SCIENTIFIC AND PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE "KARTOGRAPHIA" Email: odegtyar@ukrmap.com.ua
2INSTITUTE OF UKRAINIAN ARCHAEOGRAPHY AND SOURCE STUDIES Email: odegtyar@ukrmap.com.ua
3LVIV IVAN FRANKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Email: odegtyar@ukrmap.com.ua
Abstract
The summer of 2014 was marked by publication of the "Historical Atlas of Lviv" - the first atlas of this kind dedicated to this Ukrainian town. The project of the European Atlas of Historical Cities and Towns originates in the post-war period as a response to the destruction of European cities and towns during World War II. The main rules for creating of the atlases were discussed in 1967 in Switzerland, and finally adopted in 1968 in Oxford, under direction of Mary Lobel from Oxford and Heinz Stoob from Muenster. The major maps of the town Atlas are: - colour cadastral plan (1: 2 500) of the early nineteenth century with clear contours that represents the town as accurately as possible in the pre-industrial era; - map of the town and its suburbs of the early nineteenth century (1:15 000 to 1:10 000) that allows seeing the development of the urban network around the town; - reconstruction map (1:50 000) that records changes in the town from its foundation to the present time; - modern topographic map (1:10 000). The Atlas also includes 24 maps of the town from the collection of the Central State Historical Archives of Ukraine in the town of Lviv, Scientific Library of the Lviv Ivan Franko National University, Military Archive in Vienna and several private collections. The most important achievement of this mapping project is publication of the map of Jean Ignace du Desfilles 1766 and maps of Friedrich von Mieg 1779-1782. A considerable part of the cartographic products represents works of the XIX century as this time was marked by substantial reconstruction and development of the town. These are anonymous maps of 1802, 1836, 1841, map of Karl Kummersberg 1855, town plan of 1872. Among the cartographic heritage of the first half of the twentieth century there should be noted maps of the Big Lviv 1931, town plans of 1910 and 1939 and the German plan of Lviv of 1944 as well as a military map of the post-war Soviet period. An additional component of this part of the Atlas is a reproduction of several town views and panoramas, presented in different art forms: engravings, drawings, diplomas of XVII - XIX centuries. Among them is engraving by Franz Gogenberg inspired by drawing of Aurelius Passarotti 1618, engravings by Francois Perner 1772, Georg Borowski of the end of XVIII century. The reconstruction maps help scientists of other countries to get an idea on development of the Ukrainian urban history and cartography. The Atlas contains ten maps of the kind. The first one is dedicated to prehistoric times of colonization of the town, and the last one to the time of XVIII century. A special feature of most of these maps is their binding to modern topographic base with use of ARC-GIS software. The text block of the Atlas covers wide urban issues and includes research essays on urban development from the early Slavs to the present time. Narrative material is composed by periods: archaeological (up to mid-thirteenth century), pre-location or prince (XIII st.), location with Magdeburg law (late XIII - XV centuries.), early modern (XVI - XVIII centuries), "long" XIX century (1772-1914) and XX - beginning of XXI century. A separate text is dedicated to fortifications of the town. The work also includes an overview of cartographic material on history of the town, description of town views and bibliographic summary. Block-texts, titles and apparatus criticus of each map are published in Ukrainian and English. Cartographic methods and modern GIS technology enable to determine with a high accuracy boundaries of the town, to outline the former bed of the Poltva river, and to determine location of the lost sacred sites of the ancient town. Detailed and large-format map reproductions contribute to a more precise localization of historical sites, improve quality of further architectural reconstruction work, which is important for Lviv with its considerable part included in the UNESCO Heritage List.
Keywords
Atlas of hisrorical cities; Lviv; atlas of historical cities