The geographic school atlas of the city of Sorocaba, SP, Brazil: the methodological proposal
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Martinelli, M.
1UNIVERSIDADE DE SÃO PAULO Email: m_martinelli@superig.com.br
Abstract
T - 23 Cartography and children POSTER Profª. Drª. Elizabeth de Souza Machado-Hess Prof. Dr. Marcello Martinelli Programa de Pós-graduação em Geografia Humana Departamento de Geografia Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas UNIVERSIDADE DE SAO PAULO elisa_go_sp@yahoo.com.br m_martinelli@superig.com.br The geographic school atlas of the city of Sorocaba, SP, Brazil: the methodological proposal Abstract In Geography, the concept of place is not only limited to the geographic location, but it also includes the perceptions and experiences of those who share the same space and, consequently, attribute their own values and meanings to it. Then, in the context of school activities, in order to mediate the knowledge about the place with his/her students, in accordance with the school curriculum, the teacher needs to have a suitable didactic material for this purpose. Among these didactic materials, one can consider maps and the maps collected in Atlas. While the poster presents a methodology of school atlas for the knowledge of the place, the city of Sorocaba, SP, Brazil, it also highlights the production of didactic resources, suggesting that the teaching has to be adequate for both the teacher and the student. To accomplish this task, it is necessary to consider some methodological scientific issues: Geography, Education and Cartography. With respect to the Geography, it is related to socio-spatial concepts, regarding the discussions of the social relations, the time and space dimensions and their graphical representation in maps. Education deals not only with the school curriculum and the teaching background, but also with the learning and the teaching methods. Cartography is not only linked to these concepts, but also to the language of graphical representation, their supports and materials. In the suggested methodology, the first phase corresponds to the coordination between two basic orientations: the teaching of the map and the teaching through the map, taking into account the coexistence of two dimensions of the reality: the space and the time. The teaching of the map is grounded on the following theoretical-methodological approaches: - in space: - the construction and the representation of the space in the child; - the representation of the spatial reality by the child. - in time: - the construction and the representation of the time in the child; - the representation of the time reality by the child. In the representation of the spatial reality by the child, the development of the maps of school atlas requires the following items: - the construction of the symbol - the organization of the legend - orientation - geographic coordinates - scale - projection - the language of cartography. The representation of the time reality by the child, the way he/she experiences and represents it, including the idea of succession, duration and simultaneity, can be carried out through the use of cartographic dynamic representation. The teaching through the map, in the space and time, has the goal to rescue the information revealed by the map. In a school atlas, the historical, geographic and environmental knowledge are specified. Following this orientation, the use of the map comprises three activities: reading, analysis and interpretation. Concluding the first phase, the issue of atlas organization arises, dealing with the definition of spatial boundaries, delimiting the territory extension, which is followed by the evaluation of the thematic contents, with their multiple recommendations. Then, the thematic plan would deal with great themes: - Introducing the Atlas - Sorocaba: the place and the global scales - Sorocaba: history - Sorocaba: the formation of the territory - Sorocaba: geography - Sorocaba: environment - Sorocaba in zones Keywords: Geographic school atlases, teaching of the map and through the map, space and time, representation of the reality.
Keywords
Geographic school atlases; Space and time; Representation of the reality