Geodetic and Photogrammetric Aspects of Planetary Mapping
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Kozlova, N.; 2Nadezhdina, I.; 3Zubarev, A.; 4Patraty, V.; 5Kokhanov, A.; 6Matveev, E.; 7Karachevtseva, I.; 8Oberst, J.
1MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: natally.ko@gmail.com
2MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: lorencs@mail.ru
3MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: fair-max@yandex.ru
4MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: abbel.v@gmail.com
5MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: kokhanov@inbox.ru
6MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: djphoenix999@gmail.com
7MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: icar2003@mail.ru
8MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY (MIIGAIK) Email: juergen.oberst@dlr.de
Abstract
Introduction. Main source for planetary mapping is images collected by different spacecrafts. To obtain a primary cartographic product such as an orthorectified image, it is necessary to perform preliminary geodetic and photogrammetric operations of creating a control network and a digital elevation model (DEM). The study. Most spacecraft are not designed for stereo imaging of a planetary surface. This fact complicates obtaining of a precise primary cartographic product because we have to use a preliminary terrain model obtained from a control point network (Zubarev et al, 2014). A control point network is a set of points depicting the global shape of a body. In most cases a global terrain model derived from control points doesn’t characterize local relief. It causes local distortions of orthorectified images that lead to mismatch of overlapping images involved in mosaicking. It is especially important to have a detailed DEM for large-scale mapping of the surface. At our laboratory we study a lot of celestial bodies (e.g. Phobos, Europa, Enceladus, Ganymede, the Moon, Mars, Mercury, etc.), however, for the Moon we have images with the best resolution (LRO NAC provides images up to 0.3 m/pixel). Such data allows us to study regions of interest in more detail. Using the technique for LRO NAC stereo image processing developed at MExLab we create DEMs and orthomosaics (Zubarev et al, 2012), and use them as base products for future studies and mapping. Main goals of our lunar research are: - Geomorphologic and morphometric analyses of lunar surface based on DEMs and orthomosaics. We study different regions (mare, highlands, polar) to evaluate differences and similarities (Basilevsky et al., 2014) and use the results for landing site selection for future missions Luna-Glob and Luna-Resource. - Study of Soviet lunar missions. High resolution LRO NAC images allow us to distinguish Lunokhod wheel tracks and refine the routes of the rovers. For landing sites detailed DEMs and orthomosaic were derived, and large-scale maps were created. Also we process surface panoramic images obtained by Lunokhods during the missions. The resolution of panoramas is 0.06 degrees and they were taken from distance of about 1.4m from the surface, so using them we can investigate small craters and stones (~1 m) (Kozlova et al., 2014) - MIIGAiK planetary geodesy and cartography geodatabase. The planetary data model is designed for spatial information management in the geodatabase and for effective access to the storage of the results of thematic processing of the Moon remote sensing data (http://cartsrv.mexlab.ru/geoportal/). Conclusion. Results of geodetic and photogrammetric processing of image data (DEMs and orthomosaics) serve as a basis for detailed research of the celestial body (geologic, morphometric, etc.) as well as for thematic mapping. All maps and results of geomorphology analyses will be combined in an Atlas of large-scale topography of the Moon. Acknowledgements. This work was carried out at MIIGAiK and supported by Russian Science Foundation, project #14-22-00197. The work on Lunokhod panoramic image processing is supported by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement № 312377 PRoViDE. References: Basilevsky A. et al. Morphometry of small impact craters in the Lunokhod-1 and Lunokhod-2 study areas / Elsevier, Planetary and Space Science 92, 2014, p.77-87. Kozlova N.et al. Some aspects of modern photogrammetric image processing of Soviet Lunokhod panoramas and their implemenation for new studies of lunar surface / ISPRS Archives MTSTC4-2014-103, XL-4, 2014, p.121-126. Zubarev A. et al. High-resolution terrain models from LRO stereo images for Luna-Glob landing site selection / abs. 3MS3-PS-13, 2012. Zubarev A. et al. New methodology for study of the basic geodetic parameters and relief of outer planetary bodies: Galilean satellites and Enceladus / abs. 5MS3-GP-4, 2014.