SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF THE URBAN EXPANSION OF THE CITY OF ENCANTO-RN/BRAZIL
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Souza, R.K.; 2Costa, F.R.
1UERN Email: romulokleberson@hotmail.com
2UERN Email: franklin_rcosta@yahoo.com.br
Abstract
The trend of urbanization in emerging national States has been showing effervescence in their methodological bases, from the expansion of some mechanisms arising from the admission of the scientific-technical-informational worldwide. The Geotechnology is a tool of inclusion increasingly intensified in the daily lives of people, due to the efficiency that offers on formation of urban studies, for example. In this sense, the present work had as objective to promote a spatio-temporal analysis of the urban expansion of the Encanto - RN city, between 1987 and 2010, from the use of GeoTechnologies, such as GIS and remote sensing. It was with the use of the Geographical Information System (GIS) called “ Sistema para Processamento de Informações Georreferenciadas (SPRING/INPE 5.2), to make the maps of the town for years described and so establish a comparison from the acquisition of population data by checking the influence of local demographic rise regarding urban sprawl detected by the digital mapping process and the report extracted from the GIS itself. The methodology adopted was the same used by Novaes and Costa Júnior (2007) for interpretation and identification of areas of urban sprawl through use of orbital data from different platforms. The same left regarding the thematic bibliographic survey addressed, in addition to the use of an aerial photograph of the urban limit of the municipality obtained in August 1987; and images from LANDSAT 5 TM satellites and CBERS 2B, imageadas respectively, in July 2009 and October 2008; and a cutout space from Google Earth that allowed viewing of the study area for the year 2010 with the objects that were not possible to observe the previous spatial representations. It was noticed the occurrence of a considerable urban sprawl, concentrated mainly in the vicinity of the State Highway that crosses the urban limit of the city and in some areas of risk, such as in a disorderly occupation of the foothills of the Serra de São João and the Riverfront Encanto city. This fact caused some environmental damage provided by a holding inadequate, necessitating the removal of vegetation and the consequent soil sealing. However, the expansion of its urban axis, estimated at approximately 30%, was proportionally less than expected.