UAVs X GNSS SURVEY FOR GEOREFERENCING RURAL PROPERTIES IN BRAZIL.
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Henrique Anjos Soares Nascimento, S.; 2Salvador de Oliveira, V.; 3Lustosa Brito, P.; 4Caldas Brandão, A.; 5Viegas da Silva, M.
1FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA (UFBA) Email: santiago_anjos@hotmail.com
2FEDERAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BAIANO Email: santiago_anjos@hotmail.com
3FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA (UFBA) Email: britopatricia@hotmail.com
4FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA (UFBA) Email: acaldas@ufba.br
5FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF BAHIA (UFBA) Email: mirelevgs@gmail.com
Abstract
The study focuses on the implementation of surveys applying Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and with Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for georeferencing rural properties in Brazil. Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world in area, with approximately 8 515 000 km², the largest country in the Southern Hemisphere and Latin America. Although most of its population already lives at cities, its territory is considered mainly rural, and properties still have very inaccurate registration information, or don’t even have proper official registry at all. The last decades, responsible agencies are taking some actions to address this problem of continental dimensions, and it’s regulatory milestone was the approval of the national law number 10,267 in 2001, and its regulation, including concerns about the techniques that must be used to achieve the rural cadastral survey standards. The use of UAVs in rural cadastre can become a very feasible alternative for the future; compared with classical surveying methods using topography or GNSS equipments; since its lower cost, gives more details of the study area, access areas that would be difficult to surveying classical methods, and has proven to reach positional accuracies of six centimeters. Scientific research discussing UAV specifically applied to cadastre is still little addressed in the international academic community, despite the incentive for research development and manufacture of UAVs in various research centers in the world. This study aims to meet this demand, motivating the emergence of new researchs dealing with the application of UAV in cadastral surveys. A comparison between the two positioning methods, verifying the positional accuracy of the coordinates obtained by survey of UAVs (indirect method) and GNSS (direct method) is performed. The results are analyzed through the National Institute of Settlement and Agrarian Reform (INCRA) norm for georeferencing rural properties in Brazil. The study simulates a rural property in an area of the campus Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology Baiano (IF Baiano) - Campus Senhor do Bonfim -Bahia –Brazil, over which a photografic flight was conducted using an unmanned aerial vehicle and GNSS survey according to the 3rd Edition of the Technical Standard for georeferencing of Rural Property INCRA. The UAV used was the Nauru 500A, loaded with is the IS/RGB- S18A , allowing Missions aerophotogrammetric of RGB 18Mpixels your chamber has a focal length of 18 mm, a remotely piloted aircraft specifically designed for aerial photography surveys, first UAV certified by the National Civil Aviation Agency - Brazil (ANAC), a property also of Institute Federal Baiano de Senhor do Bonfim. For GNSS positioning dual frequency receivers are used. After collecting data and applying corrections, the accuracy of the positions of surveys are compared with the norm, showing that both methods are compatible with the quality standards required by INCRA, thus answering questions about the viability of the use of UAVs technology for cadastral applications, its limitations and accuracies. Therefore, this work involves unique and important themes to the Brazilian society, and other countries with similar problems as well, since it deals with land property registration, vital for territorial organization and planning tool, as well as the use of UAVs, one of the most prominent themes at the academic and business environment, in the geo-technological area.