Problems, ways to solution and prospects of geophysical mapping
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Loginov, D.; 2Krylov, S.
1MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY Email: 4udoff92@mail.ru
2MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY OF GEODESY AND CARTOGRAPHY Email: krylov@cartlab.ru
Abstract
An importance in conducting geological and geophysical surveys is defined by modern needs in search and exploration of mineral resources, especially hydrocarbons. One of the key documents that represent field geophysical survey results are geophysical maps. Together with geological maps these maps are used to perform empirical generalizations and conclusions, to justify further exploration and production of mineral resources, to assess conditions in the construction of engineering structures, i.e. geophysical maps have large scientific and practical significance. However, systematization and scientific justification of charting and using of geophysical maps were not considered. For example, maps charting are regulated from geophysics only for some search species (like a gravity and magnetic prospecting) and it are considered only general information about choosing scale and interval of isolines value, etc. First of all, the cartography can to pay attention to development of geophysical maps systematic classification, which will consider characteristics and interests of geophysics. This classification will be more fully reflect the diversity of types of geophysical maps. Also the most important direction is implementation of the cartographic approach to solving applied problems of geophysics such as rationale of choice interval of isolines value, development accuracy of derivative maps assessing methods, etc. Understanding and solution of these marked problems is the promising direction for cooperation cartography and geophysics. Cartography’s theoretical experiences may be involved in it. A development of cartography research method application is the most important here. Presently geophysical maps are designed as part of geological mapping, because its used as thematic base maps for State Geological maps creation. But geophysical maps have large subject of study and it is required to research. The application of cartography research method should to help to identify many aspects of contained in geophysical maps information. Another reason for which need to designate a separate branch of mapping is the availability of a large number of published state and regional geophysical maps and the need for their storage in the geographic databases form. The solution this topical geophysics’ issue will help to use GIS not only as a powerful source of geostatistics tools, but also as a means of mapping and geophysical data accumulation and storage with the help of creating knowledge banks and expert systems. Also geophysical maps charting and design issues should be resolved in geophysical mapping theory. For example, (besides traditional isoline method) applying of another cartographic design methods will be helped to increase (but not to overload) content different type of geophysical maps and to make their more informative. In turn, geophysical mapping should to help to develop the field’ cartographic concept (which was borrowed from physics, mathematics and geophysics) not only for isoline modeling, but also for a detailed study of the environmental and demographic processes, statistical analysis and mathematical processing of map information, etc. Thus, the solution of mentioned problems is determined the prospective ways for cartography and geophysics productive cooperation. These two sciences have a common subject of research – the Earth, – and therefore considering current world state of exploration and production mineral resources geophysical mapping will receive another special meaning for cartography and geophysics, and for the whole scientific world.
Keywords
Geophysical map; Cartography research method; Mineral exploration