Delimitation of physiographic units using remote sensing data and GIS for territorial planning in the São José dos Campos region, São Paulo State, Brazil
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Santos Corrêa, C.V.; 2Gomes Vieira dos Reis, F.A.; 3Carrascosa do Amaral, A.M.; 4Carmo Giordano, L.; 5Jardinetti Chaves, C.; 6Dias Brito, H.
1Institute of Geosciences and Exact Sciences Email: claudiageobrax@yahoo.com.br
2UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA "JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO" Email: fabioreis@rc.unesp.br
3UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA "JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO" Email: claudiageobrax@yahoo.com.br
4UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA "JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO" Email: lcg@ecogeologia.com.br
5UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA "JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO" Email: claudiageobrax@yahoo.com.br
6UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL PAULISTA "JÚLIO DE MESQUITA FILHO" Email: claudiageobrax@yahoo.com.br
Abstract
This paper shows the results of physiographic compartmentalization of the region covered by the topographic sheets of São José dos Campos and Jacareí, São Paulo State, in Brazil. The proposal is to realize the physiographic analysis following the propositions of Fernandes-da-Silva et al. (2010) and Zaine (2011). The study area understands the 1:50,000 topographic sheets of São José dos Campos (SF-23-YD-II-1) and Jacarei (SF-23-YD-II-3). It is inserted in the Sedimentary Basin of Taubaté limited by Crystalline Basement of Serra do Mar and Mantiqueira. According to the geomorphological division of the State of São Paulo (IPT 1981) is part of the Atlantic Plateau Province in the zone Middle Paraíba do Sul Valley. As materials were used topographic maps in scale 1:50,000 (IBGE), geological map in 1:100,000 scale (IPT), geomorphological map in 1:250,000 scale of Paraíba do Sul Valley (Florenzano and Csordas 1993) and image Landsat-5 of band 4, dated from 08/19/87. The morphometric data, represented by maps of slope and hypsometric, were prepared from the data obtained by TOPODATA system (Inpe 2008). The realization of physiographic subdivision followed the recommendations of the logical interpretation method (Guy, 1966; Soares and Fiori, 1976). In this method the study of texture, form and structure of the features follows the steps photoreading, photoanalysis and photointerpretation. Regarding the geological-geotechnical characterization, the frame proposed by Zaine (2011) gathers the results obtained by the previous steps with the field work data. The analysis performed in this step followed the guidelines of item “Applications”, "Analysis of textural density”, “Analysis of forms and relief characteristics” proposed by Zaine (2011). The units located in the region of mountains (units 1, 2, 3, 16 and 19) have potential to mass movements, as creep, landslides and debris flow. These units are geologically located in the region of Crystalline Basement that has high textural density, high slopes, high amplitudes and angular tops. It is recommended for these areas that follow the directions of the Forest Law Brazilian, which establishes that areas with slope more than 450 and mountains top that needs having forest (Brazil 2012). The units located in the region of mounds and hills (units 4, 5, 7, 9, 12, 14, 15, 17) may be located both in the domain of Crystalline Basement or in the sedimentary rocks (Taubaté Group). The geological process that can occur is linear erosion, as erosive furrows and gullies. For these units the mainly characteristics are the medium slopes, medium textural density and rounded tops. As these units have the pasture as main land use, it is recommended the reconstitution of the vegetation and restoration of forest fragments. The units inserted in the region of floodplains and fluvial terraces (units 10, 11, 12, 13 and 18) are both in the domain of sedimentary rocks or sediments of quaternary (sands, gravels, silts, clay and peat). The geological processes that occur in these areas are mainly flood, siltation and fluvial erosion. These areas have as main land use mining and rice culture that can initiate or speed these geological processes. The region of Paraíba do Sul Valley is very important in relationship the mining of sands in national context, and in 1999 the Department of the Environment of the São Paulo State established the environmental zoning for sand mining, that divides the floodplain of Paraíba do Sul River in areas for protection and conservation of forest (Department of the Environment of the São Paulo State 1999). The products of remote sensing and GIS are efficient to territorial planning as seen in this work. Thus this methodology can be employed in other places because uses tools of low cost that can help in the environmental planning mainly in the decision-making.
Keywords
Territorial Planning; Remote Sensing; Geotechnical Cartography