Socio-Environmental Vulnerability of the Munic-ipality of Caraguatatuba SP
ISBN 978-85-88783-11-9
Authors
1Bortoletto, K.C.; 2Freitas, M.I.C.; 3Oliveira, R.B.N.
1UNESP RIO CLARO SP BRAZIL Email: kbortoletto@hotmail.com
2UNESP RIO CLARO SP BRAZIL Email: ifreitas@rc.unesp.br
3UNESP RIO CLARO SP BRAZIL Email: rodgtas@gmail.com
Abstract
This paper aims at the socio-economic data modeling for the Municipality of Caraguatatuba São Paulo – Brazil, mapping the socio-environmental vulnerability, considering the exposure of people (Criticality) and the place (Support Capacity) to situations related to natural disaster risks. In order to develop the research variables concerning socio-economical characteristics and urban infrastructure from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics IBGE-Based on socioeconomic and demographic Census on 2000/2010 were selected 146 and 176 census sectors, respectily. Based on these data, the Factorial Analysis was performed uniting variables through the Principal Components Analysis (PCA) method using the SPSS/IBM Software. As a result, considering the socioeconomic characteristics in the Criticality issue at 2000, the variables of greater influence were the predominance of housing where the responsible family members were literate and female; literate people, childrens and elderly people, income responsible and income housing. Criticality issue at 2010 the variables of greater predominance were responsible family members were literate, literate people, income responsible, childrens, teenagers and elderly people. In the analysis of the Support Capacity at 2000 and 2010 the predominant influence was on the good home infrastructure in census sectors with low population density and census sectors with poor infrastructure and inadequate housing. Apart from the statistics analysis, the spatial anal-ysis using GIS ArcGIS was done, presenting the results thematic maps and illustrative graphics. The resulting socio-environmental vulnerability map presented at 2000 and 2010, respectely, 23% and 44% of the census sectors with very low and low vulnerability, 56% and 24% with medium vulnerability, 21% and 32% with high and very high vulnerability. For instance, the census sectors with populations living in peripheral areas, with precarious sanitation services and the surrounding infrastructure, low literate, low income, number of households (2-4), childrens (0-14 years old) could be at greater risk for desasters. The analysis factor PCA associated with the socioeconomic and environmental indicators and the spacial analysis with GIS ArcGis was possible to study the socioenvironmental vulnerability at risk areas.The results obtained indicate that the adopted methodology was adequate. In this context, an integrated analysis including these results with new physical geographic data is intended on the future stage.